Neutrinos – Little Neutral Elementary Particles without Electric charge

Little neutral elementary particles without any electricdirectly in 1956.
charge, neutrinos usually have small mass resultingSimilarly, the association of neutrino with muon was
from decay of other particles. Wolfgang Pauli was thedetected only in 1962. Yet another type of neutrino
initial developer of the concept in the year 1930.that was associated with tau particle was identified
Working on energy conservation laws andfirst in 1970s but was detected only in the year 2000.
radioactivity, Pauli aimed at maintaining law of energyAnother occasion when the neutrinos are emitted is
conservation at the time of beta decay.the time when a pion gets decayed and converts into
In course of radioactive nucleus emission of betamuon. Such emission also takes place in case of
particle the electron contained in it might retain energydecay of a host of other elementary particles. Since
from zero to a specific level. If the electron carries lessthe neutrinos are considerably stable, they can only be
than maximum possible value, the balance energiesabsorbed through the same weak interactions that
are taken away by undetected particles. Such neutralresulted in their creation. When neutrinos are energised,
elementary particle is called neutrinos.they can reverse the decay that caused its production.
Unique attribute of neutrinos is that its charge has toOscillation theory propagated by the scientists hold that
be zero. Charged particles can be detected prettyneutrinos can change types while travelling through
easily. Also charge neutrinos would be a violation ofspace. Such transformation requires that they cannot
the law of energy conservation during beta decay.be mass less and should have a tiny amount of it.
Inventor of neutrino, Enrico Fermi opined that theseProlonged research and experimentation revealed the
particles are necessary element of conservation lawsreasons of failure hitherto experienced by scientists. It
denoting momentum and spin. Neutrino just as thewas found that they were trying to find one type of
electron is one of the leptons. While it plays a role inneutrino in another type.
the weak decay of the nuclear particles, it plays noThat the neutrinos changed type while on the move,
such role in strong binding force of nuclei. Although thealso conclusively established that they have mass
concept was discovered by Fermi, American physicistmaking possible such fusion reaction.
Frederic Reines and Clyde L Cowan detected it